Section 5: Complex Answers

Below are the answers for the more complex exercises.

Exercise 1

  • Decompose each Main Verb Phrase by listing the elements in the proper MVP Formula order
  • Identify the Main Verb form

Main Verb Phrases

  1. Present + HAVE + [-en] + BE + [-en] + DRIVE = passive
  2. Past + PEAK = simple past
    Past + DECLINE = simple past
  3. Past + ENTER = simple past
    NOTE: MOTIVATED is a past participle phrase
  4. Past + WORK = simple past
    Present + BE + [-en] + EMPLOY = passive
  5. Present + HAVE + [-en] + NOTE = present perfect
    Present + HAVE + [-en] + INCREASE = present perfect
    Present + PERFORM = simple present
  6. Past + BE + [-en] + SPEND = passive
    NOTE: USED is a past participle phrase
  7. Present + BE + [-en] + SPEND = passive
    NOTE: USED is a past participle phrase

 

Exercise 2

  • Identify each infinitive phrase, past-participle phrase, present-participle phrase, gerund phrase, and prepositional phrase
  • State how each phrase is functioning in the context of its sentence

Line 1

  1. to a great extent = adverbial prepositional phrase

Line 2

  1. of the world = adverbial prepositional phrase
  2. to eat = nominal infinitive phrase (subject)
  3. with a fuller consciousness = adverbial prepositional phrase
  4. of all = adjectival prepositional phrase (CONSCIOUSNESS)

Line 3

  1. like a burden = adverbial prepositional phrase
  2. in practice = prep phrase, ADVP
  3. in life = adjectival prepositional phrase (THINGS)
  4. as much satisfaction = adverbial prepositional phrase - NOTE: QUITE AS MUCH could be a compound determiner, which would make SATISFACTION the direct object.

Line 4

  1. by comparison = adverbial prepositional phrase
  2. of eating industrially = adjectival prepositional phrase (PLEASURES)
  3. eating industrially = nominal gerund phrase (object of the preposition OF)
  4. to say = nominal infinitive phrase - subject complement (WHICH)
  5. eating in ignorance - nominal gerund phrase (direct object of TO SAY)

Line 5

  1. in ignorance = adjectival prepositional phrase (EATING)
  2. to eat = adverbial infinitive phrase
  3. at the end = adverbial prepositional phrase

Line 6

  1. of an industrial food chain = adjectival prepositional phrase (END)
  2. to go = nominal infinitive phrase (subject)
  3. from the chicken = adverbial prepositional phrase
  4. to the Chicken McNugget = adverbial prepositional phrase
  5. to leave = nominal infinitive phrase (subject complement of TO GO)

Line 7

  1. in a journey = adjectival prepositional phrase (TO LEAVE)
  2. of forgetting = adjectival prepositional phrase (JOURNEY)
  3. forgetting = nominal gerund phrase (object of the preposition OF)
  4. in terms = adverbial prepositional phrase
  5. of the animal’s pain = adjectival prepositional phrase (PAIN)

Line 8

  1. in our pleasure = adverbial prepositional phrase
  2. on the far side = adverbial prepositional phrase
  3. of the increasingly high walls = adjectival prepositional phrase (SIDE)

Line 9

  1. of our industrial agriculture = adjectival prepositonal phrase (WALLS)
  2. knowing the high cost of our food chain = adverbial present participle phrase

Line 10

  1. of our food chain = adjectival prepositonal phrase
  2. in the end = adverbial prepositional phrase
  3. about the pleasures = adjectival prepositional phrase (subject complement)
  4. of eating = adjectival prepositional phrase (PLEASURES)
  5. eating = nominal gerund phrase (object of the preposition OF)
  6. of pleasure = adjectival prepositional phrase (KINDS)

Line 11

  1. deepened = adjectival past participle (PLEASURES)
  2. by knowing = adverbial prepositional phrase
  3. knowing = nominal gerund phrase (object of the preposition BY)

 

If you have questions about these sample analyses, please contact your instructor or start a conversation in your work group.